Eligibility Criteria

Participants

Adults (18 years +)

All participants have above-threshold PTSD symptoms

70% or more of the participants have a clinic diagnosis of PTSD

Psychotropic medication use stable 2 weeks prior and during treatment

No restrictions on comorbidities

Interventions

Randomized controlled trials only

Intervention aimed primarily to reduce PTSD symptoms

Intervention more than 1 month post trauma

Psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy interventions

Monotherapy only

Comparison groups

Sham treatment.

Psychological treatment

Treatment as usual

Waiting list control